A GILS analysis of Georgian labour market evidence, policy gaps, and reform priorities, with reference to primary data sources and international comparators.
This GILS analysis examines a key feature of Georgia's labour market, drawing on Geostat Labour Force Survey data, ILO research, and comparative evidence from Eastern Partnership countries.[1][4]
Georgia has established formal legislative obligations in this domain, consistent with its EU Association Agreement commitments and ILO Convention ratifications. However, the gap between statutory provision and implementation remains significant, as documented in the Labour Inspection Department's annual reports and the Public Defender's human rights monitoring.[2][3]
Georgia's performance on this indicator reflects structural challenges common to transition economies, combined with specific capacity and enforcement constraints. The EU-27 average, Eastern Partnership regional data from ILOSTAT, and World Bank country-level analysis all provide relevant benchmarks.[4][5]
The Georgian Institute of Labour Studies recommends that the relevant ministries and the Tripartite Social Partnership Commission develop a time-bound action plan addressing the gaps identified in this analysis, consistent with Georgia's obligations under ILO Conventions, its EU Association Agreement, and its EU candidacy commitments formalised in December 2023.[5]
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| Indicator | Georgia | Benchmark | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate (2024) | 13.8% | 6.0% (EU-27) | Geostat Q3 2024 [1] |
| Informal employment (2023) | 37.1% | ~14% (EU-27) | Geostat LFS [1] |
| Gender pay gap (unadj.) | 33% | 12.7% (EU-27) | Geostat 2024 [1] |
| Trade union density | 11% | 23% (EU-27) | ILOSTAT 2023 [4] |
| Youth unemployment | 17.5% | 14.9% (EU-27) | Geostat Q2 2026 [1] |
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